Dampak Istri Berkarir terhadap Keharmonisan Rumah Tangga dalam Perspektif Fiqh Munakahat: Studi Kasus di Kelurahan Ulujami, Jakarta Selatan
Abstract
Purpose of the study: This study examines the factors that weaken marital harmony in families with working wives, the positive and negative impacts of the wife’s career, and the strategies couples use to maintain harmony, analysed from the perspective of fiqh munakahat. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative field study with a case study design was conducted in Ulujami Subdistrict, Pesanggrahan, South Jakarta. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four working wives, systematic observation, and documentation. Analysis followed Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña’s interactive model, with source and technique triangulation. Main Findings: A wife’s career does not in itself reduce harmony. Tension arises from role expansion, limited time, financial disagreement, and reduced monitoring of children. Positive impacts include financial independence, economic resilience during crisis, husbands’ participation in domestic work, and broader social capital. Harmony is maintained through open communication, cooling-off before discussion, spousal support, and religiously grounded emotional regulation. Novelty/Originality of this study: The study reads empirical coping strategies of working wives through classical fiqh debates on khidmah (domestic service) and nafaqah (maintenance), showing that domestic division of labour is negotiable bil ma’rūf. It also reveals that emotional regulation is borne mainly by wives, pointing to the need for reciprocal (mubādalah) responsibility.
References
Ahmad, B. (2008). Hukum perkawinan di Indonesia: Studi historis metodologis. Gaung Persada Press.
al-Bukhārī, M. I. (2002). Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. Dar Ibn Kathīr.
al-Dardīr. (1997). Al-Sharḥ al-kabīr (Jilid 1). Dar al-Fikr.
al-Qaraḍāwī, Y. (1999). The lawful and the prohibited in Islam. American Trust Publications.
al-Zuḥailī, W. (1985). Al-fiqh al-Islāmī wa adillatuh (Jilid 7). Dar al-Fikr.
al-Zuḥailī, W. (1991). Al-tafsīr al-munīr fī al-’aqīdah wa al-sharī’ah wa al-manhaj. Dar al-Fikr al-Mu’āṣir.
Asnah, A. (2018). Keharmonisan keluarga wanita karier di Kelurahan Padangmatinggi Lestari. Jurnal Kajian Gender dan Anak, 2(2), 109–132. https://doi.org/10.24952/gender.v2i2.2172
Basri, R. (2019). Fiqh munakahat 4 madzhab dan kebijakan pemerintah. Kaaffah Learning Center.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE.
Ghufron. (2013). Makna karir bagi wanita karir. Dalam Proceedings Seminar Nasional Gender dan Islam: Menggagas Pendidikan Islam Sensitif Gender di Indonesia (pp. 117–118). PSG STAIN Kudus.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10(1), 76–88. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1985.4277352
Gussevi, S. (2020). Manajemen konflik dalam rumah tangga isteri yang bekerja. Muttaqien: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies, 1(1), 56–73. https://doi.org/10.52593/mtq.01.1.04
Haitomi, F. (2021). Relasi suami istri dalam tinjauan mubadalah (Telaah atas hadis anjuran istri mencari ridho suami). Jurnal Studi Hadis Nusantara, 3(2), 138. https://doi.org/10.24235/jshn.v3i2.9700
Handayani, A. M., & Pratama, R. M. K. (2022). Konflik peran ganda wanita karir dalam keluarga. Promotif: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(2), 131–134. https://doi.org/10.56338/promotif.v12i2.3091
Hochschild, A. R., & Machung, A. (2012). The second shift: Working families and the revolution at home (Rev. ed.). Penguin Books.
Ibn Qudāmah. (1997). Al-Mughnī (Jilid 5). Dar al-Fikr.
Ibn Taimīyah. (2000). Majmū’ al-fatāwā (Jilid 32). Dar al-Fikr.
Junaidy, A. B., Rusli, & Fanani, A. (2025). Islamic law understanding and female breadwinners: Gender equity or economic demand? Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial, 20(2), 616–642. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v20i2.15517
Kementerian Agama RI. (2011). Al-Qur’an dan terjemahannya. Adhi Aksara Abadi.
Kodir, F. A. (2019). Qira’ah mubadalah: Tafsir progresif untuk keadilan gender dalam Islam. IRCiSoD.
Kompilasi Hukum Islam. (1991). Instruksi Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Penyebarluasan Kompilasi Hukum Islam.
Maududdin, R., Kurniati, K., & Talli, A. H. (2026). Pengaruh profesi wanita karir terhadap ketahanan rumah tangga dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Supremasi: Jurnal Pemikiran, Penelitian Ilmu-ilmu Sosial, Hukum dan Pengajarannya, 21(1), 224–231. https://doi.org/10.26858/supremasi.v21i1.71285
Mayangsari, M. D., & Amalia, D. (2018). Keseimbangan kerja-kehidupan pada wanita karir. Jurnal Ecopsy, 5(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.20527/ecopsy.v5i1.4884
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE.
Minarni, M., Rahman, H. Y., & Al-Abza, M. T. (2024). Strategi dalam menjaga keharmonisan rumah tangga perspektif hukum Islam: Studi wanita karir di Merauke. Syariati: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an dan Hukum, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.32699/syariati.v10i1.7075
Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif (Edisi revisi). Remaja Rosdakarya.
Muchtar, M. I., Erfandi, Abidin, Z., Aliman, Ramli, & Dahlan. (2023). Analisis prinsip komunikasi Islami dalam membangun keluarga harmonis menurut Al-Qur’an. Ulil Albab: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 2(10).
Muhammad, I. (2020). Wanita karir dalam pandangan Islam. Al-Wardah, 13(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.46339/al-wardah.v13i1.162
Nelli, J., Zikri, A., Megawati, D., Aida, I. N., Alwi, R., & Hafis, M. (2026). Reconstructing the ṣāliḥah wife: Gendered exchange, religious authority, and divorce among working Muslim women in Indonesia. Juris: Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah, 25(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v25i1.16025
Rahmadani, K. A. (2024). Wanita karir dalam fiqh munakahah: Menyeimbangkan peran antara pekerjaan dan keluarga. Maliki Interdisciplinary Journal, 2(11), 1475–1479. https://urj.uin-malang.ac.id/index.php/mij/article/view/11541
Saiin, A., Firdaus, F., Yusuf, M., Supani, S., Muchimah, M., & Radiamoda, A. M. (2024). Walking together: Dynamics of Muslim wives dual role in rural areas pursuing career and household responsibilities. El-Mashlahah, 14(1), 127–148. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v14i1.7827
Sar’an, M., Hidayatulloh, Y., Gussevi, S., Indrawan, R., & Zuhri, N. A. U. (2024). Implementation of harmonious family in the concept of proportionality of obligations and rights of husband and wife relations: A perspective on the Compilation of Islamic Law. El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga, 7(2), 695. https://doi.org/10.22373/ujhk.v7i2.24662
Sari, R. P. N. (2020). Wanita karier dalam perspektif Islam. Sangaji: Jurnal Pemikiran Syariah dan Hukum, 4(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.52266/sangaji.v4i1.446
Sarnoto, A. Z. (2022). Komunikasi efektif pada anak usia dini dalam keluarga menurut Al-Qur’an. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(3), 1829.
Sumiyatiningsih. (2014). Pergeseran peran laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kajian feminis. Waskita: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Masyarakat, 126–131.
Ulfatmi, Jandra, M., Ta’rif, M. M., & Zulpadrianto. (2025). Building sakinah family based on Islamic values of education. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 15(1), 85–107. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v15i1.85-107
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. (1974). Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1974 Nomor 1.
Zainal Badri, S. K., & Zulkarnain, N. Z. (2024). Spirituality and personal growth of Muslim working women: The moderating role of family supportive supervision. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 10, 101201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.101201
Zunaidi, A., & Maghfiroh, F. L. (2021). The role of women in improving the family economy. Dinar: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam, 8(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.21107/dinar.v8i1.10581
